By Scout Nelson
As planting continues across Minnesota, a recent Strategic Farming: Field Notes webinar focused on crop emergence and planting strategies. Extension experts shared insights on weather, soil, and planter adjustments to help farmers get the most out of their corn crops.
Due to June 2024’s heavy rains and a dry winter, spring soil warm-up has been slow, with current soil temperatures just reaching the upper 50s°F at 2-inch depth. Rainfall has varied by region, delaying some fieldwork in wetter areas.
For spring tillage, experts recommend shallow cultivation to avoid bringing up wet soil. Tillage should level the field, while harrows should aggressively manage residue to prevent seed furrow blockage.
Planter maintenance is key. Floating row cleaners should lightly touch the surface to remove debris without disturbing the soil. Seed disc openers must create a proper V-shaped furrow. Their overlap depends on disc thickness, and they should be checked for trueness and wear before use. Worn discs must be replaced to maintain consistent seed placement.
Gauge wheels are vital for proper seed-to-soil contact. These should fit snugly against the disc openers and apply the right amount of pressure based on soil moisture. Wheels that are too loose or tight can affect emergence.
Seed meter units need graphite for smooth seed flow. Adjust vacuum settings to reduce seed skips, as missing seeds cause greater yield loss than doubles.
“Take care of the hardware so there’s more time for the electronic gremlins,” stated an expert.
Timely planting is essential, especially with favorable weather and growing degree days accumulating. Uneven emergence caused by colds, crusting, or poor contact can lower yields by up to 50%. Corn should be planted by May 10 to maintain top yield potential. Northwestern Minnesota may need earlier-maturing hybrids due to cooler, drier conditions and a shorter season.
Photo Credit:gettyimages-dszc
Categories: Minnesota, Crops, Corn, Weather